PhD Candidate in Electricity Market Coupling and Market Design Transformation

This is NTNU

NTNU is a broad-based university with a technical-scientific profile and a focus in professional education. The university is located in three cities with headquarters in Trondheim.

At NTNU, 9,000 employees and 43,000 students work to create knowledge for a better world.

You will find more information about working at NTNU and the application process here.

Video: https://youtu.be/Xt-yHCN5QS0

About the position

Are you motivated to take a step towards a doctorate and open up exciting career opportunities? Do you have a background in electrical power engineering, operations research, or a related field, and are you interested in energy systems and markets? As a PhD candidate with us, you will work to achieve your doctorate, and at the same time gain valuable experience that qualifies you for a further career in higher education and research, both in and outside academia.

The Department of Electric Energy (IEL) at NTNU is seeking a highly motivated candidate for a full-time (100%) PhD position for 3 years as part of the NTNU Energy initiative on Resilient and Integrated Energy Systems. You will join the Electricity Markets and Energy System Planning (EMESP) research group at IEL, where we foster an open, inclusive, and collaborative working environment.

Our work environment is defined by its friendly and supportive atmosphere, with regular gatherings such as shared lunches, and “Friday coffee” sessions to end the week. These informal events offer opportunities to share ideas, celebrate milestones, and build relationships. PhD candidates also organize social activities open to everyone interested, fostering a welcoming and inclusive community.

Your immediate Line Manager will be the Head of Department.

About the project

Electricity markets are undergoing a fundamental transformation driven by large-scale renewable integration, stronger interconnections, electrification of demand, hydropower flexibility, storage, and increasing balancing needs. These developments strengthen the interaction between market design and physical power-system operation. In Europe and the Nordic region, the transition from traditional capacity-allocation methods towards flow-based market coupling creates new opportunities, but also new challenges related to price formation, congestion management, transparency, welfare distribution, and operational feasibility.

The objective of this PhD project is to develop new knowledge, models, and analytical insights into how future electricity market designs can support the efficient and secure operation of low-carbon power systems. The project will focus on market coupling, optimal pricing in market clearing, flow-based capacity allocation, interconnectors modelling, and market-design transformation in Nordic and European electricity markets.

The PhD candidate will develop and apply optimization-based market models to analyze how different market-clearing and capacity-allocation methods affect zonal prices, cross-border exchange, congestion rents, welfare distribution, non-fossil flexibility, and system operation. Particular attention will be given to the interpretation of market prices through marginal values, shadow prices, congestion components, scarcity signals, and the relationship between market outcomes and physical network constraints. Regulatory aspects also need to be included through market surveillance and power producer components must embrace the feedback of production aspects.

In flow-based market coupling, market outcomes depend strongly on modelling choices related to the representation of the transmission grid, available cross-zonal capacity, operational security constraints, remedial actions, internal grid constraints, and interconnectors. The project may investigate how such assumptions affect the feasible trading domain, price formation, transparency, congestion management, welfare distribution, and the extent to which zonal prices reflect the marginal value of energy and scarce transmission capacity in the context of electricity market design.

Methodologically, the project is expected to combine electricity market modelling, social welfare optimization, and scenario-based studies. The work may address key research-frontier questions in flow-based market coupling and related market-design arrangements, including how different capacity-allocation methods and network representations influence the consistency between market outcomes and physical power-system constraints.

The PhD candidate will be hosted by the Electricity Markets and Energy Systems Planning (EMESP) group in the Department of Electric Energy at NTNU. The main supervisor will be Professor Hossein Farahmand, with co-supervision from relevant experts in electricity markets, power-system operation, optimization, and market design, depending on the final methodological focus of the PhD project.

Duties of the position

• Carry out research of high quality within the framework described above
• Participate in the activities of the EMESP research group
• Complete academic training consisting of coursework corresponding to a minimum of 30 ECTS
• Contribute to publications in relevant journals and to popular science dissemination
• Participate in international activities such as conferences and/or research stays at foreign educational institutions

Career-enhancing work, which is in addition to the research project and doctoral education, may be offered to a candidate who demonstrates clear motivation and ability for such work, and if the Department determines there is a need. Examples of career-enhancing work include, but are not limited to, contributing to teaching, laboratory and exercise teaching, supervision, and examination work within the employee's areas of competence.

Be prepared for changes to your work duties after employment.

Required selection criteria

• You must have a relevant Master's degree in either electrical power engineering, or economic analysis with strong quantitative skills, and with a specialization in operational research. Your course of study must correspond to a five-year Norwegian course, where 120 credits have been obtained at master's level. Master's students can apply, but the master's degree must be obtained and documented before starting the position and no later than autumn 2026.
• You must have a strong academic background from your previous studies and have an average grade from your Master's degree study, or equivalent education, which is equal to B or better compared to NTNU's grading scale. If you do not have letter grades from previous studies, you must have an equally good academic foundation. If you have a weaker grade background, you may be considered if you can document that you are particularly suitable for a PhD education, i.e., by having relevant work experience and/or published/publishable scientific papers in the field of the proposed research area.
• You must meet the requirements for admission to the Faculty's Doctoral Programme.
• You must have documented experience with scientific programming, preferably in Python or Julia, and/or R- programming language.
• Experience with optimization modelling and electricity market fundamentals.
• You must have English language skills, both written and spoken, corresponding to the scale B2 in the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). Applicants who are not native English speakers are encouraged to document their English language proficiency. This can be done through an approved English language test. One of the following test scores could be documented for this purpose:TOEFL internet-based test (iBT) - Score equivalent to the B2 level: 79 - 101.
  IELTS - Score equivalent to the B2 level: 5.5 - 6.0
  Cambridge English - Score equivalent to the B2 level: 160 - 179.
  

Further assessment of both written and oral English language skills, as well as the ability to communicate fluently, will be conducted throughout the selection process and during any interviews for all applicants.

PLEASE NOTE: For detailed information about what the application must contain, see paragraph “About the application”.

The appointment is to be made in accordance with NTNUs guidelines for recruitment positions for general criteria for the position.

Preferred selection criteria

• Work and/or research experience in electricity markets, EU-NO regulatory frameworks, and data analysis.
• Proficiency in Norwegian language skills, or another Scandinavian language, will be rated positively.
• Relevant research experience with the preferred scope of the position and/or curiosity for solving complex societal challenges, especially those tied to the green energy transition and sustainable infrastructure.
• English language skills, both written and spoken, corresponding to the scale C1 in the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). See which scores are equivalent to the C1 level here.

Personal characteristics

To complete a doctoral degree (PhD), the candidate is expected to:

• demonstrate strong motivation, curiosity, and a learning-oriented mindset
• work independently, take initiative, and maintain good structure and discipline in their work
• communicate effectively and collaborate well with supervisors and peers
• show resilience and work constructively when facing challenges or setbacks
• demonstrate integrity and a strong sense of responsibility in their research conduct

Emphasis will be placed on personal and interpersonal qualities.

We offer

• An exciting job with an important mission in society
• Developing tasks in a strong and international professional environment
• Career guidance and follow-up during the PhD period
• Open and inclusive working environment with committed colleagues
• Social activities organized by PhD Students
• Weekly social gathering on Fridays (Friday coffee)
• Working capital that can be used to implement the project
• Mentor programme as a new employee at NTNU
• Favorable terms as a member of the Norwegian Public Service Pension Fund (SPK)
• Free Norwegian language training at a basic level (A2)

As a PhD Candidate at NTNU, you will have access to employee benefits.

Diversity

Diversity is a strength, and at NTNU we aim to be an employer that reflects the diversity in society and that makes use of the potential of the population's collective skills. Our vision is Knowledge for a better world and our values ​​are creative, critical, constructive and respectful. We believe that an organization that is equal, diverse, and gender-balanced is essential for us to achieve our goals.

We strive to attract employees with different skills, life experiences and perspectives to contribute to even better problem solving of our societal mission in research and education.

If you think this position is relevant and interesting, we encourage you to apply, regardless of gender, functional ability, and cultural background, or whether you have been out of work for a period of time.

At NTNU we want to increase the proportion of women in scientific positions. We have a number of measures to promote equality.

Salary and conditions

In the position of PhD Candidate, code 1017, your gross salary will normally be NOK 550 800,- per annum depending on qualifications and seniority. A 2% statutory contribution to the State Pension Fund is deducted from the salary.

The employment period is 3 years, with the possibility of an additional 3 to 12 months of employment related to career-enhancing activities.

The option for career-enhancing work may be offered to a candidate who has clear motivation and ability for such work, and if the Department deems it necessary. This will be clarified with the candidate during and after any interview.

If you cannot document skills in Norwegian, Swedish, or Danish at level A2 upon employment, NTNU offers the opportunity to take Norwegian courses corresponding to at least 15 credits. NTNU will facilitate this.

For employment as a PhD Candidate, it is a prerequisite that you gain admission to the PhD programme in Electric Power Engineering within three months of your employment contract start date, and that you participate in an organized doctoral programme throughout the period of employment.

The position is conditional on funding.

As an employee at NTNU, it is important that you keep yourself up to date with academic and organizational changes and adapt to them.

For the necessary professional and social interaction, it is a prerequisite that you are physically present and available to the institution on a daily basis.

The appointment is carried out in accordance with the principles of the State Employees Act.

About the application

The attachments (including a description of your scientific work) must accompany the application as these documents form the basis of the application assessment. The documents must be in Norwegian/a Scandinavian language or English.

Please note: the application will only be assessed on the basis of the information we have received by the application deadline. Therefore, make sure that your application clearly shows how your skills and experience meet the criteria described above. The application and all attachments must be sent electronically via Jobbnorge.no. If you are invited to an interview, you must bring certified copies of certificates and diplomas upon request.

The application must include:

• A cover letter where the applicant explains personal motivation, briefly summarizes scientific work, and describes how their background is a good fit (400 words/1 page).
• Project outline containing proposals for an overall description of research questions, theoretical perspectives, methodological design for the project, and progress plan (maximum 1500 words/4 pages, including references). This proposal shall neither be deemed final nor binding for the project.
• CV.
• If you have testimonials of work experience, submit them.
• Transcripts and diplomas for Bachelor's and Master's degrees. If your master’s degree has not yet been completed, you must submit transcripts for all completed program courses, along with confirmation of the expected submission date for your master’s thesis or confirmation that the thesis has already been submitted.Applicants from universities outside Norway are asked to upload a diploma supplement or a similar document detailing the study program and grading system.
  
• A copy of the Master's thesis. If you have recently submitted your Master's thesis, you are encouraged to include a draft of the thesis. Documentation of a completed Master's degree must be provided before assuming the position.
• If you have publications or other relevant research work, submit them.
• You are encouraged to include documentation of English language proficiency if you are not a native speaker of English.
• Name and contact information of three referees.

If all, or parts, of your education has been taken abroad, we also ask you to attach documentation of the scope and quality of your entire education, both Bachelor's and Master's education, in addition to other higher education. If your institution uses a “diploma supplement” (normal for most European institutions), you must attach this. A description of the documentation required can also be found here. If you already have a statement from Norwegian Directorate for Higher Education and Skills (HK-dir), please attach this as well.

Joint work will be considered. If it is difficult to identify your contribution to joint work, you must attach a brief description of your participation.

When assessing the best qualified, we emphasize necessary qualifications such as education, experience and personal suitability. Motivation for the position, ambitions, and potential for research will also count when assessing the candidates.

NTNU recognizes a wide range of academic contributions and has committed itself to The San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment and CoARA (responsible assessment of research and recognition of a greater breadth of academic contributions in accordance with NTNU's social mission).

General information

A public list of applicants with name, age, job title and municipality of residence is prepared after the application deadline. If you wish to be exempt from entry on the public applicant list, this must be justified. Assessment will be made in accordance with current legislation. You will be notified if the exemption is not granted.

If you think this position looks interesting and in line with your qualifications, you are welcome to apply.

If you have any questions about the position, please contact Professor Hossein Farahmand by email at hossein.farahmand@ntnu.no.

If you have any questions about the recruitment process, please contact the Head of Office, Bodil Wold, by email at bodil.wold@ntnu.no.

-----------------

For practical information about working at NTNU, please visit this webpage. 

The city of Trondheim is a modern European city with a rich cultural scene. Trondheim is the tech capital of Norway with a population of 200,000. The Norwegian welfare state, including healthcare, schools, kindergartens and overall equality, is probably the best of its kind in the world. Professional subsidized day-care for children is easily available. Furthermore, Trondheim offers great opportunities for education (including international schools) and possibilities to enjoy nature, culture and family life and has low crime rates and clean air quality.