PhD Candidate in Multimarket Bidding Decision Support in Nordic Power Markets

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At NTNU, 9,000 employees and 43,000 students work to create knowledge for a better world.

You will find more information about working at NTNU and the application process here.

   

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About the position

Are you motivated to take a step towards a doctorate and open up exciting career opportunities? Do you have a background in electrical power engineering, operations research, or a related field, and are you interested in energy systems and markets? As a PhD candidate with us, you will work to achieve your doctorate, and at the same time gain valuable experience that qualifies you for a further career in higher education and research, both in and outside academia. 

The Department of Electric Energy (IEL) at NTNU is seeking a highly motivated candidate for a full-time (100%) PhD position for 3 years as part of the Norwegian Centre on AI for Decisions (aiD). You will join the Electricity Markets and Energy System Planning (EMESP) research group at IEL, where we foster an open, inclusive, and collaborative working environment.

Our work environment is defined by its friendly and supportive atmosphere, with regular gatherings such as professional meetings within the research group, weekly colloquia, shared lunches, and “Friday coffee” sessions to end the week. These formal and informal events offer opportunities to share ideas, celebrate milestones, and build relationships. PhD candidates also organize social activities open to everyone interested, fostering a welcoming and inclusive community.

Your immediate Line Manager will be the Head of Department.

About the project

The position will be part of aiD, the Norwegian Centre on AI for Decisions, an interdisciplinary national AI center led by NTNU and SINTEF. AID brings together academic institutions, research organizations, and more than 50 professional organizations. Its primary objective is to advance AI for decision-making through fundamental research and real-world use cases, ensuring that AI-enhanced human decisions and autonomous systems are effective, safe, and trustworthy in sectors critical to society.

This PhD project will contribute to aiD by developing trustworthy AI-supported methods for multimarket bidding and decision support in Nordic power markets. The rapid integration of wind power, battery storage, and other flexible resources is creating new opportunities for market participation, but also more complex decision-making problems. Energy producers increasingly need to coordinate decisions across day-ahead, balancing, and other electricity markets while dealing with uncertain renewable generation, activation needs, regulation and imbalance prices, and rapidly changing market conditions. Recent developments such as 15-minute market time units, automated mFRR energy activation, and flow-based market coupling further increase the need for decision-support methods that are fast, robust, risk-aware, and suitable for real-time operation.

The project will focus on how AI and mathematical optimization can be combined to support sequential bidding decisions under uncertainty. The initial use case will consider a wind power operator with battery storage participating in the day-ahead market and the mFRR capacity and energy activation markets. The research will investigate how probabilistic forecasts, market-state and regime information, and the future value of battery flexibility can be incorporated into bidding decisions. A central scientific question will be to determine which parts of the decision problem are best handled by data-driven learning and which should remain within structured optimization. In line with AID’s research areas, the project will emphasize knowledge embedding, uncertainty representation, risk-aware decision-making, computational efficiency, generalization under changing market conditions, and safe constraint handling.

The PhD candidate will develop and validate decision-support methods based on deep reinforcement learning, stochastic optimization, and hybrid combinations of learning and optimization. Learning-based policies will be compared with equivalent rolling stochastic optimization benchmarks operating with the same information and operational constraints. The project will also explore how AI can be used to approximate, accelerate, contextualize, or enhance optimization, for example by learning future flexibility value, selecting relevant uncertainty scenarios, or reducing computational complexity. The methods will initially be tested for coordinated day-ahead and mFRR market participation and may later be extended to more strongly coupled market combinations and other flexible energy resources. The project therefore offers the opportunity to work at the intersection of artificial intelligence, optimization, electricity markets, and renewable energy systems, while addressing the growing need for trustworthy and computationally practical AI-supported decision making in future power markets.

Duties of the position

• Carry out research of high quality within the framework described above
• Participate in activities of the EMESP research group
• Complete academic training consisting of coursework corresponding to a minimum 30 ECTS
• Contribute to publications in relevant journals and to popular science dissemination
• Participate in international activities such as conferences and/or research stays at foreign educational institutions 

Career-enhancing work, which is in addition to the research project and doctoral education, may be offered to a candidate who demonstrates clear motivation and ability for such work, and if the Department determines there is a need. Examples of career-enhancing work include, but are not limited to, contributing to teaching, laboratory and exercise teaching, supervision, and examination work within the employee's areas of competence. 

Be prepared for changes to your work duties after employment.

Required selection criteria

• You must have a relevant Master's degree in either electrical power engineering, control engineering, managerial economics with strong quantitative skills, or physics or mathematics with a specialization in operations research. Your course of study must correspond to a five-year Norwegian course, where 120 credits have been obtained at master's level. Master's students can apply, but the master's degree must be obtained and documented before starting the position and no later than autumn 2026.
• You must have a strong academic background from your previous studies and have an average grade from your Master's degree study, or equivalent education, which is equal to B or better compared to NTNU's grading scale. If you do not have letter grades from previous studies, you must have an equally good academic foundation. If you have a weaker grade background, you may be considered if you can document that you are particularly suitable for a PhD education, i.e., by having relevant work experience and/or published scientific papers.
• You must meet the requirements for admission to the Faculty's Doctoral Programme.
• You must have English language skills, both written and spoken, corresponding to the scale B2 in the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). Applicants who are not native English speakers are encouraged to document their English language proficiency. This can be done through an approved English language test. One of the following test scores could be documented for this purpose: 
  • TOEFL internet-based test (iBT) - Score equivalent to the B2 level: 79 - 101. 
  • IELTS - Score equivalent to the B2 level: 5.5 - 6.0 
  • Cambridge English - Score equivalent to the B2 level: 160 - 179.

Further assessment of both written and oral English language skills, as well as the ability to communicate fluently, will be conducted throughout the selection process and during any interviews for all applicants.

The appointment is to be made in accordance with NTNUs guidelines for recruitment positions for general criteria for the position.

Preferred selection criteria

• Work and/or research experience in electricity and power markets, imbalance forecasting, reinforcement learning, and operations research or optimization.
• Excellent programming and modeling skills, preferably in Julia, Python, or a similar programming language.
• English language skills, both written and spoken, corresponding to the scale C1 in the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). See which scores are equivalent to the C1 level here.

Personal characteristics

To complete a doctoral degree (PhD), the candidate is expected to: 

• demonstrate strong motivation, curiosity, and a learning-oriented mindset
• work independently, take initiative, and maintain good structure and discipline in their work
• communicate effectively and collaborate well with supervisors and peers
• show resilience and work constructively when facing challenges or setbacks
• demonstrate integrity and a strong sense of responsibility in their research conduct

Emphasis will be placed on personal and interpersonal qualities.

We offer

• An exciting job with an important mission in society
• Developing tasks in a strong and international professional environment
• Career guidance and follow-up during the PhD period
• Open and inclusive working environment with committed colleagues
• Social activities organized by PhD Students
• Weekly social gathering on Fridays (Friday coffee)
• Working capital that can be used to implement the project
• Mentor programme as a new employee at NTNU
• Favorable terms as a member of the Norwegian Public Service Pension Fund (SPK)
• Free Norwegian language training at a basic level (A2)

As a PhD Candidate at NTNU, you will have access to employee benefits.

Diversity

Diversity is a strength, and at NTNU we aim to be an employer that reflects the diversity in society and that makes use of the potential of the population's collective skills. Our vision is Knowledge for a better world and our values ​​are creative, critical, constructive and respectful. We believe that an organization that is equal, diverse, and gender-balanced is essential for us to achieve our goals.  

We strive to attract employees with different skills, life experiences and perspectives to contribute to even better problem solving of our societal mission in research and education. 

If you think this position is relevant and interesting, we encourage you to apply, regardless of gender, functional ability, and cultural background, or whether you have been out of work for a period of time.

At NTNU we want to increase the proportion of women in scientific positions. We have a number of measures to promote equality. 

Salary and conditions

In the position of PhD Candidate, code 1017, your gross salary will normally be NOK 580 000,-per annum depending on qualifications and seniority. A 2% statutory contribution to the State Pension Fund is deducted from the salary. 

The employment period is 3 years, with the possibility of an additional 3 to 12 months of employment related to career-enhancing activities. 

The option for career-enhancing work may be offered to a candidate who has clear motivation and ability for such work, and if the Department deems it necessary. This will be clarified with the candidate during and after any interview. 

For employment as a PhD Candidate, it is a prerequisite that you gain admission to the PhD programme in Electric Power Engineering within three months of your employment contract start date, and that you participate in an organized doctoral programme throughout the period of employment.

The position is conditional on external funding.

As an employee at NTNU, it is important that you keep yourself up to date with academic and organizational changes and adapt to them.

For the necessary professional and social interaction, it is a prerequisite that you are physically present and available to the institution on a daily basis.

The appointment is carried out in accordance with the principles of the State Employees Act.

About the application

The attachments (including a description of your scientific work) must accompany the application as these documents form the basis of the application assessment. The documents must be in Norwegian/a Scandinavian language or English.

Please note: the application will only be assessed on the basis of the information we have received by the application deadline. Therefore, make sure that your application clearly shows how your skills and experience meet the criteria described above. The application and all attachments must be sent electronically via Jobbnorge.no. If you are invited to an interview, you must bring certified copies of certificates and diplomas upon request.

The application must include:

• A cover letter where the applicant explains personal motivation, briefly summarizes scientific work, and describes how their background is a good fit (400 words/1 page).
• Project outline containing proposals for an overall description of research questions, theoretical perspectives, methodological design for the project, and progress plan (maximum 1500 words/4 pages, including references). This proposal shall neither be deemed final nor binding for the project.
• CV.
• If you have testimonials of work experience, submit them.
• Transcripts and diplomas for Bachelor's and Master's degrees. If you have not yet completed your Master's thesis, you must provide confirmation of your estimated submission date for the Master's thesis, or confirmation that your Master's thesis has been submitted.
  • Applicants from universities outside Norway are asked to provide a diploma supplement or similar document that details the study program and grading system. 
• A copy of the Master's thesis. If you have recently submitted your Master's thesis, you are encouraged to include a draft of the thesis. Documentation of a completed Master's degree must be provided before assuming the position. 
• If you have publications or other relevant research work, submit them.
• You are encouraged to include documentation of English language proficiency if you are not a native speaker of English. 
• Name and contact information of three referees.

If all or part of your education was completed abroad, please attach documentation of the scope and quality of your entire education, including your Bachelor's and Master's degrees, as well as any other higher education. If your institution uses “diploma supplement” (normal for most European institutions), you must attach this. You can also find a description of the required documentation here. If you already have a statement from Norwegian Directorate for Higher Education and Skills (HK-dir), please attach this as well.

Joint work will be considered. If it is difficult to identify your contribution to joint work, you must attach a brief description of your participation.

When assessing the best qualified, we emphasize necessary qualifications such as education, experience and personal suitability. Motivation for the position, ambitions, and potential for research will also count when assessing the candidates.

NTNU recognizes a wide range of academic contributions and has committed itself to The San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment and CoARA (responsible assessment of research and recognition of a greater breadth of academic contributions in accordance with NTNU's social mission).

General information

A public list of applicants with name, age, job title and municipality of residence is prepared after the application deadline. If you wish to be exempt from entry on the public applicant list, this must be justified. Assessment will be made in accordance with current legislation. You will be notified if the exemption is not granted.

If you think this position looks interesting and in line with your qualifications, you are welcome to apply.

If you have any questions about the position, please contact Associate Professor Jayaprakash Rajasekharan by email at jayaprakash.rajasekharan@ntnu.no.

If you have any questions about the recruitment process, please contact Head of Office Bodil Wold by email at bodil.wold@ntnu.no

Application deadline: 12.10.2026

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For practical information about working at NTNU, please visit this webpage. 

The city of Trondheim is a modern European city with a rich cultural scene. Trondheim is the tech capital of Norway with a population of 200,000. The Norwegian welfare state, including healthcare, schools, kindergartens and overall equality, is probably the best of its kind in the world. Professional subsidized day-care for children is easily available. Furthermore, Trondheim offers great opportunities for education (including international schools) and possibilities to enjoy nature, culture and family life and has low crime rates and clean air quality.